Which initiatives ought to be civil liberties

The brief further argued that to maximize public safety, law enforcement agencies must retain the authority to evaluate the unique needs of their particular communities and officers, and determine when the issuance of discretion-limiting directives are appropriate.

On December 26, , the California Court of Appeal issued a decision concluding that Special Order 7 is within the broad discretion of the police chief, and that neither the Protective League nor the individual taxpayer who filed the action had standing to challenge the policy. The order capped a comprehensive investigation of the Maywood Police Department by the Attorney General that uncovered patterns of excessive use of force, and a conspicuous absence of meaningful articulation of probable cause to justify arrests and searches and reasonable suspicion to detain members of the public.

In March , the Attorney General issued a public report regarding this investigation and the Attorney General's findings. Effective July 1, , the City of Maywood elected to disband its police department and contract with the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department for police services. People of the State of California, etc. City of Riverside. In the late spring of , the Attorney General launched a civil investigation of the Riverside Police Department after concluding that the four officers who were involved in the shooting death of Tyisha Miller in Riverside, California, should not be criminally charged.

After a nearly two-year civil rights investigation into the practices of the Riverside Police Department, the parties filed a complaint and stipulated judgment in the case entitled People of the State of California, etc. This was the first consent decree to reform a local police department secured by a state attorney general under state law. The judgment, which remained in effect for a period of five years, required the Riverside Police Department to implement reforms in the areas of training, supervision, and accountability.

The City of Riverside was required to pay the cost of a consultant to assist the Attorney General in monitoring compliance with the terms of the judgment. On March 2, , the Attorney General, after concluding that the Riverside Police Department had fulfilled the conditions of the judgment, requested and received formal approval from the court for the judgment's dissolution. The mission of the Civil Rights Enforcement Section at the California Department of Justice includes assisting the Attorney General on civil rights issues in the area of police practices.

If you have a complaint against a police officer or sheriff's deputy, you should first contact the local law enforcement agency. Each law enforcement agency in the state is required by Penal Code section You can obtain a written description of the procedures from the law enforcement agency.

If unable to resolve your complaint with the law enforcement agency, contact the district attorney's office or the grand jury in the county that has jurisdiction. If your complaint involves alleged criminal misconduct and the local agencies do not act upon it, you may write to the Attorney General's Office. Under that policy, complaints received by this office from complainants who have exhausted the local review process will be referred to both the Criminal Law Division and the Civil Rights Enforcement Section for review and appropriate action.

Native American Heritage Commission v. County of Inyo, et al. The petition alleges that the County approved a construction project for a small-scale solar energy facility in the Owens Valley without first completing testing that would have determined whether archeological sites within the project area contain sensitive Native American historical and cultural resources requiring a more thorough review and analysis. The petition further alleges that the mitigation measures that were adopted by the County were not adequate to address the harm the project could cause to these resources.

CRES settled this lawsuit in November , and the County agreed to enact a tribal consultation policy, undertaking a training of County officials, and meet and confer with the tribes about development projects.

Padre Dam Municipal Water District. In June , the Attorney General, on behalf of the Native American Heritage Commission, filed a legal action seeking to prevent a water district from constructing a pump station, a 2. Under a July 12, settlement agreement, the Water District agreed not to build the project, and transferred the land to a Native American tribal entity. On appeal from that decision, the State Water Resources Control Board remanded the matter back to the regional board with directions to provide the factual and legal basis for its decision.

That petition for review was deemed dismissed by operation of law without review on July 14, Pursuant to an agreement with the Regional Board, the Transportation Corridor Agency has until February 15, , to file suit challenging that dismissal.

Our lawsuit has been stayed indefinitely pending the resolution of the water permit issues. The settlement created an avoidance area where the TCA agrees to never construct anything, and this prohibition continues even when the other conditions of the agreement have been fulfilled.

Miller , No. The brief was joined by fifteen other Attorneys General. The district court held that there was no medically sound method to perform this additional procedure and that the practical effect of the regulation would make the standard procedure unavailable to women in Alabama. Zubik, et al. Burwell, et al. Supreme Court Case No.

The ACA provides an accommodation for religious nonprofit organizations that object to its requirement that employer-provided health insurance plans contain coverage for preventative healthcare, including contraception. Through this accommodation, these organizations can simply opt out of providing contraceptive coverage to their employees by informing their insurance company or the federal government of their objection to this coverage.

If an organization does opt out, the insurer will then provide contraceptive coverage directly to employees at the insurance companies own expense; however, several nonprofit religious organizations filed suit against the federal government arguing that this opt-out accommodation violates their religious beliefs. The friend of the court brief argued that the Religious Freedom Restoration Act should not be interpreted in a way that defeats the essential purpose of the ACA regarding its preventative contraceptive healthcare coverage.

As the brief notes, access to contraceptives is not only essential for public health, but is consistent with the intent of Congress to ensure that all covered employees have access to no-cost preventive care, free of logistical and administrative barriers.

These burdens would fall hardest on women with the fewest informational and financial resources to overcome them. Hellerstedt , Supreme Court Case No. The case involves whether two provisions of a Texas law are unconstitutional because they impose an undue burden on access to abortion services. Those provisions require 1 that all abortion clinics in Texas comply with standards applicable to ambulatory surgical centers; and 2 that any physician performing an abortion must have admitting privileges at a hospital within thirty miles of the location where the procedure is performed.

On June 27, , in a opinion, the Supreme Court reversed the Fifth Circuit, holding that the two Texas provisions place a substantial obstacle in the path of women seeking an abortion, constitute an undue burden on abortion access, and therefore violate the Constitution. Burwell v. Hobby Lobby. The ACA required that most employers provide employees with access to preventive healthcare benefits and services, including contraception. Certain for-profit employers, like Hobby Lobby stores, opposed this coverage requirement and sought to prohibit women employees from seeking this care because of religious beliefs.

The Supreme Court in its decision allowed closely-held for-profit corporations to be exempt from the contraception coverage requirement. McCullen v. In November , the Attorney General joined a multi-state amicus brief filed with the United States Supreme Court that supported a Massachusetts law creating a foot buffer zone around reproductive health care facilities against a First Amendment challenge.

The Massachusetts law prohibited anyone from being within 35 feet of the entrances or driveways of health care facilities other than hospitals where abortions are offered or performed, with certain limited exceptions. The brief argued that the buffer zone law is a reasonable time, place and manner restriction, especially in light of Massachusetts' prior unsuccessful experience with narrower restrictions. The Supreme Court disagreed, unanimously holding that the law violated the First Amendment.

The Supreme Court's decision is entitled McCullen v. Coakley , S. Attorney General Becerra is committed to protecting the rights of all people. Recognizing that discrimination has no place in our society, Attorney General Becerra is fighting to protect transgender students and adults across the nation, and strictly enforcing the recently enacted California law that prohibits state-funded travel to states that discriminate against LBGTQ communities. In , he was one of just 67 Congressional members to oppose the Defense of Marriage Act.

AB , codified in Government Code section Fulcher v. Secretary of Veterans Affairs. The VA provides the same surgeries to non-transgender veterans for the treatment of other conditions, and provides pre- and post-operative care to transgender veterans who undergo surgery elsewhere, with no explanation for these differences. California has been a leader in ensuring equal access to healthcare, and providing healthcare for transgender residents and was proud to join other states in protecting the healthcare rights of transgender individuals in this case.

Gloucester County School Board. Gloucester County School Board , a high school student known as G. School Board after it adopted a policy requiring students to use the restroom that corresponds with the gender assigned to the student at birth, rather than the gender with which the student identifies. The brief highlights that public safety of students is paramount and will not suffer if transgender people are treated fairly.

Last year, the Obama Administration issued guidance that federal law protects the rights of transgender students to use school bathrooms that align with their gender identity. The Fourth Circuit relied on this guidance when it originally ruled in favor of G. The school board appealed the decision to the U.

States Supreme Court. Supreme Court to send the case back to the Fourth Circuit for further consideration. United States v. North Carolina and Carcano v. United States. The briefs challenge state laws denying transgender people access to single-sex bathrooms and similar facilities in schools and workplaces consistent with their gender identity. Specifically, California joined nine other states in filing an amicus brief with the U.

United States , in the U. District Court of the Northern District of Texas, to support federal guidance that discrimination based on gender identity constitutes unlawful discrimination based on sex and that schools risk losing Title IX-linked funding unless they permit students to use facilities consistent with their gender identity. The two friend of the court briefs assert that anti-discrimination laws, like those adopted in California protecting LGBTQ individuals, have enhanced public safety, not detracted from it.

For example, California schools are required by state law to permit students to use single-sex facilities consistent with their gender identity. Hollingsworth v. Social Reform c. Micro-Sociology b. Social Engineering d. The Republican Party refused to allow African Americans to become members.

Outline in brief the background in which the constitution of independent indi What captain in the Connecticut militia, would later commit treason and comma Why do you think the Spaniards chose to utilize Native Americans in the new c To see more answers head over to College Study Guides.

Virtual Teaching Assistant: Colleen R. Question Level: Basic Karma: Free. Recommended Questions Social Science - Social Studies sebutkan penjelasan dari peta, heiho dll sebutkan penjelasan dari peta, heiho dll. Heather L. Social Science - Social Studies If you are charged with reckless driving, your case will most likely be prese They give the people to stand for anything that we hold dear and protect ourselves from any harm by any individual or group.

Civil liberties maintain power equilibrium and serve as a platform where individuals are equally praised and despised without the background they hold. Freedom of Conscience or Freedom of Thoughts is the freedom that let the people of the country has the power and privilege to hold any opinion. Freedom of Media or Freedom of the Press is a principle that let us communicate and express our thoughts and information through any media platform.

This principle is often used upon with Freedom of Association, and it empowers the people of a country to pursue or defend any belief that is legally binding on an international level without any fear of interference of the legal bodies or the Government. Freedom of Religion is the principle which lets the people of a country hold power to support or follow any religion or community they want to. This is one of the essential civil liberties that we have for ourselves. The Right to Equality before the Law gives us the right that each will be treated by the law of the country equally.

The Right was made ironclad so that no individual or community gets to face any punishment from the law if they found innocent. This is a moral principle which is made to give a person the right to life. The Right empowers any individual or community to own a property that is registered on their name. The Right was made to ensure the safety and security of the public when law enforcement is not nearby to assist. The Right to Privacy is one of the most controversial rights as it defines the limits and boundaries of which a person can do anything that is legal.

Civil liberties make the groundwork of peace and harmony among the masses and governmental bodies on a global scale. Civil Liberties make sure that there are no interactions that are not wanted by the individual in their private boundaries. These Civil liberties offer us a sense of well-being and security.

Civil liberties such as, right to hold own property and right to a fair trial allow us to get what is ours. Popular Related Articles 5 Civil rights movement facts throughout history 11 Civil Liberties Vs. Civil Rights: 3 Ways they ar Maximum Characters. Cancel Report. Cancel Login. The previous session is not completed. Please check your device is properly connected or not WebCam.